Family Limited Partnerships

A family limited partnership can clearly be a great estate and business-planning tool but if it is drafted or implemented incorrectly it could cost you money and headaches.  Family Limited Partnerships allow families to own and operate a business or series of investments as part of an executor estate plan to protect both parents and children. In addition, it offers the owners of real estate and closely held business a powerful tool for protecting whole businesses from dissolutions, excess taxes, and claims in divorce or lawsuits.

2011 Pennsylvania Estate Planning News:

IRS Charges the Estate

In the Estate of E.V. Jorgenson the decedent (the person who just passed away) transferred substantial assets to two family limited partnerships and claimed that the retained powers and interests were minimal. The IRS assessed an estate tax deficiency and Tax court found that the decedent had retained the economic benefits and control of such property and that the transfers did not involve a bona fide sale for full consideration. Estate of E.V. Jorgensen, 2011-1 USTC

Why did the taxpayer lose?

Because she had written checks on partnership accounts to pay some personal expenses and make some family gifts.

What does that mean?

Because she maintained too much control of these assets and used them for personal purposes  the value of the family partnership assets were taxed in her estate.

The estate tried to argue that the amounts involved were so small that she really did not have control of the assets but the court did not agree and believed she had access to the funds.

To find out more about tax planning options that could offer significant family tax relief click here to read $ 5 Million Gift Tax Exemption Makes Gifting of Small Business Easier.

What does this mean for you and or your family limited partnership (FLP)?

Transfers of marketable securities, cash or other assets to family partnerships need to have a significant non tax purpose or the court, as it did here, will not consider them a bona fide sale for adequate and full consideration and they will remain in your estate. You and your attorney need to be aware of the heightened scrutiny involved in transferring this type of asset into Family Limited Partnerships FLP’s and its tax and other consequences. The FLP should have a bonafide business purpose and retained control should be minimal.  Using such assets to pay personal expenses will likely cause the technique to fail.

Here are a few questions to think about in considering creating an FLP or transferring or funding your FLP:

• If you were considering funding the FLP with residential or vacation real estate do you want to continue to be able to use that real estate? If so this is not the right tool.  Think instead about a qualified personal residence trust or an outright gift since property values are at historic lows.

• Do you instead need a qualified personal residence trust to implement your above desires?

• What powers or sources of income can be retained without including the FLP in your estate?

• Should you consider a GRAT – Grantor Retained Annuity Trust where some of the assets can be returned to you for your personal use?

If you are not sure of these answers or want to find out more about family limited partnerships contact a wealth preservation attorney to discuss what might work best for you and your unique situation.

Family Limited Partnerships can be a useful tool if they are created and implemented correctly. Figure out what you want to do and then think about the questions above and talk to your attorney or seek an attorney who specializes in wealth preservation to give you all the options available and what possible consequences each of those options may pose.

David M. Frees III, JD For more information about these techniques, call:
610-933-8069  or email dfrees@utbf.com

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The Romney’s 2010 tax return (which is quite  lengthy and can be viewed in it’s entirety by clicking Mitt Romney’s Tax Return) gives us a few hints about trust and estate planning techniques of the wealthy that may have relevance for you – even if your net worth is closer to 1 million dollars than 150 million.

Article By: David M. Frees III, JD

Mitt Romney's 2010 Tax Return

As a matter of side interest, the Romney’s assets were held in a “blind trust” which arguably eliminates or minimizes conflicts of interest for a politicain or officeholder since they no longer know what investments are held by the trust and make no direct investment decisions.

However, the existance or not of a blind trust makes no difference from an estate tax planning perspective.

Why?

Any trust which allows you to continue to use the assets, and/or to control or revoke the trust will generally be included and taxed in your estate.

So what can we tell from his income tax return that might hint as his estate planning and why do you care?

Well, you should care if your assets, including real estate, IRAs and life insurance, business interests and investments exceed $1 million dollars since at the end of this year the amount that can be passed to your heirs without federal estate tax falls back to only $1 million dollars.

And, to make matters worse, the effective rate rises again from 35% to 42-55%.

Since Romney presumably has paid for some very  savvy lawyers, there might be a few lessons here that could matter to you and should be reviewed with your own lawyer before the end of the year.

First, there appears to have been a Grantor Trust established as the return shows income from a trust reported on his return.

If you own a business, certain types or real estate, and other assets and your estate exceeds certain limits, a Grantor Trust, or the sale of assets to a defective grantor trust might be an excellent way to transfer the asset and the growth on the asset out of your estate and further benefit the next generation by continuing to pay all of the taxes due on that income.

It also appears that the Romney’s funded a CRUT or Charitable Remainder Uni-Trust.

The CRUT can be an excellent way to transfer appreciated assets, to get a charitable deduction, and to retain income from those assets for some period of time.

There are lawyers, financial advisers, and accountants who advise the use of these trusts for tax planning alone.  Personally, I believe that they are best suited for those clients with a true charitable intent.

But, if you need income but would like to make a sizable gift to a charity that is important to you, consider and discuss this technique.

The 203 page return reveals the truly complex and seemingly insane level of energy required to comply with the intricacies of the Internal Revenue Code but I’ll take lessons and get ideas for my clients wherever I find them.

If you need information about Grantor Trusts, GRATs or CRUTs or any other planning techniques to protect your surviving spouse or herirs, we are pelased to offer a consultation to determine if you would benefit from an enhanced estate plan.(TM)

Please feel free to call 610-933-8069.

By:  David M. Frees III, JD

dfrees@utbf.com

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As many of you know, the present Federal Estate Tax Law allows for a surviving spouse to carry forward the Federal Estate Tax Exemption available to his or her deceased spouse at his or her death.  To garner the benefits of this “Portability” provision, the Internal Revenue Service (also referred to as “IRS”) does not require a surviving spouse to establish a credit shelter trust like those utilized in many estate plans in years past.

Federal Tax Exemption Portability

Now that you know that the Portability provision exists, we can tell you the mechanics of making the proper election.  The IRS Notice 2011-82 issued on September 29, 2011 explains that the executor of the first decedent spouse’s estate must timely file a Form 706 “on which the executor computes the deceased spousal unused exclusion amount ["DSUEA"] and makes a portability election.”

The Internal Revenue Service makes it clear through its statement that “most (if not all) married decedents dying after December 31, 2010, will want to make the portability election.”  Although the surviving spouse or other executor of the surviving spouse’s estate might have to do a bit more work to prepare and file the federal estate tax return, the benefits for the future generation could be significant.  It is calculated that the additional $5,000,000 of federal estate tax exemption resulting from the portability election could result in a federal estate tax savings of $1,750,000.

Again, we believe it is important for virtually all surviving spouse’s to file for the Portability of their deceased spouse’s estate tax exemption.  While a surviving spouse’s estate value might be under the present $5,000,000 exemption per person, one of the following could happen:

1)  The surviving spouse’s estate value could rise significantly and ultimately exceed his or her exemption at his or her death.

2)  The Federal Estate Tax Exemption could be reduced below the surviving spouse’s estate value.

3)  There could be a rise in the estate value and a decrease in the exemption amount.

Regardless of which of those occurs, the extra $5,000,000 of exemption that could be carried forward from the decedent spouse would go a long way toward protecting some or all of the second deceased spouse’s estate from the 35% tax that now would apply.

While the preparation and filing of the Form 706 can be complex and time consuming it is likely well worth the effort when considering the potential tax savings.

IMPORTANT NOTE: For decedents dying on January 1-3, 2011, the deadline for filing a 706 is Monday, October 3, 2011. You may secure an automatic six-month extension by filing Form 4768 by the original due date for the 706.

Click on the link below to view or download a copy of this important Notice. http://www.irs.gov/newsroom/article/0,,id=246604,00.html

To read our article on the Federal Estate Tax’s Future click here

Will the Federal Estate Tax Law Be Modified in 2012? Obama Gives Us A snippet of Insight.

For assistance in preparing and filing a Form 706 and making the necessary Portability elections, please contact Douglas L. Kaune, Esquire at 610 933 8069 or dkaune@utbf.com.

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What is the Federal Estate Tax exemption and rate for 2011 and 2012 and Beyond?

In the past month the estate tax has been back in the limelight.  As most of you know, in December of 2010 President Obama signed the Tax Relief Act of 2010. Prior to the ratification of the present law, the federal estate tax was repealed for the 2010 tax year.

For 2011 and 2012 we have the largest federal estate tax exemption at $5 million and the lowest federal estate tax rate of 35% in the last 50 years.

There has been rampant speculation as to what will happen when the present law is set to expire at the end of 2012.  Some say the estate tax will revert back to the 2001 exemption rate of $1 million and a tax rate of 55% others say this Act was the beginning of the end for the federal estate tax and still others believe the law will stand at the present exemption and tax rate.

Recently, President Obama addressed this very issue. On the final stop of President Obama’s three state Midwest bus tour in Alpha, Illinois someone asked about the future of the estate tax.  The President addressed her and many others’ concern over what will happen for 2013 and beyond.

The president explained that at the end of 2012 the estate tax does not have to go back to the 2001 rates and that there is a compromise being discussed that would put the estate tax exemption at $3.5 million per person for a potential total of $7 million per family. This mid level proposal would exempt a large segment of the population, but would still serve to tax the “wealthy.”  This statement by the President is by no means a definitive word on what will transpire at the end of 2012.  It is nice to get insight into his thoughts and to know that the topic is being discussed.

The final disposition of the Federal Estate Tax law will be important to you and the planning you have done under your will and/or trusts. Maintain your vigilance on this topic so you can ensure that your estate plan reflects the most current law and you get the most out of any changes that are made at the end of 2012.

As the war on the federal estate tax rages on let me know what you think?

Do you think President Obama’s compromise of an estate tax exemption of $3.5 million per person for a potential total of $7 million per family is fair?

Do you think the federal estate tax should be repealed for good or that the tax should apply to more people at higher rates?

To read the full transcript of President Obama’s answer to a question about the estate tax on the last stop of his bus tour in Illinois click here.

Click here to read our brief article U.S. Rep Ross Wants To Kill The Estate Tax

Stay tuned for updates on the future of the federal estate tax and what that means for you, your will and/or trusts.

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The Answer May Not Always Be What You Expect

Simply “Probate” means at death an estate (the deceased person’s property) is administered and supervised by the court, often called probate court. The court will make sure the Last Will is administered correctly and if there is no will state law is followed by a court appointed administrator.

Does Your Will Dictate What Happens To All Your Assets?

Many people ask us how they can “avoid probate” before they understand what it means and how long it will actually take. For example in Pennsylvania it is a fairly straightforward process, many cooperative families can “opt out” of much of the process, and it takes as few as several months and can be helpful in making sure the executor, the person who distributes the property, does what the Last Will says to do and that he or she is protected from subsequent claims and law suits.

Many people also do not know that most property transferred at death passes outside of probate through a non-probate mode of transfer. Here are some examples of things that do not go through the probate process and may not even be distributed according to the will.

1. Joint tenancy property both real and personal

The decedent’s (the person who has just died) interest ends at death. The survivor has the whole property.  Bank accounts, brokerage and mutual fund accounts, and real estate are often held in joint tenancy, particularly between married couples. At the death of the first, this property generally transfers directly to the surviving joint account holder or joint tenant on the deed no matter what the will says. These assets are still taxable for both State Inheritance Tax purposes and possibly for Federal Estate Tax purposes. And, who pays that tax is often a function of the tax clause in the will. Be sure to get good legal advise on this issue.

2. Life Insurance

Life insurance proceeds on the decedent’s life are paid by the insurance company to the beneficiary named in the insurance contract. However, while such policies are not taxed by Pennsylvania, they are taxed for Federal Estate Tax purposes.

3. Bonds & Contracts with payable on death (POD) provisions

Federal E and H Bonds, and pension plans often have survivor benefits as do tax-deferred investment plans such as IRA’s 401(k)’s, and brokerage accounts if there is a death beneficiary. While the beneficiary of such accounts receive the money directly, the proceeds may or may not be taxable for Income Tax and or Inheritance and Estate Tax Purposes.

4. Interests in Trust

Do You Have A Trust?

When property is put in trust, the trustee holds the property for the named beneficiaries. The trustee in accordance with the terms of the trust instrument invests, holds and or distributes the trust property to the beneficiaries.

To read our trust guide How To Find The Right Trust For You click here.

Property in a testamentary trust does pass through the probate process but an inter vivos trust during the decedents’ life does not.  To read more about inter vivos gifts read Should I Make Gifts Now As Part Of My Estate Planning.Such trusts if revocable during your life are Taxable but irrevocable trusts may avoid taxation for Death Tax purposes.

Distribution of non-probate property does not involve a court proceeding.  The controlling contract, trust, or deed terms control the distribution of the property.

Distribution of probate property under a will or an intestate estate (someone who dies without a will) may require a court proceeding involving probate of a will or finding of intestacy followed by appointment of a personal representative to settle the probate estate.

Find out the best way to utilize both the probate and non-probate process in planning your comprehensive will and trust.

A successful comprehensive estate plan takes all of these factors into account when organizing your will or trust.

Whitney O’Reilly

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Ross along with a small pro- agriculture group of legislatures wants to eliminate the federal estate tax. In the past year there has been a surge of enthusiasm for the repeal of the federal estate tax as congress tried to figure out what do for 2011 and 2012.

This past  December  congress approved legislation that provided $5 million per person exemption from the estate tax and set the top tax rate at 35% for 2011 and 2012. Previously the highest exemption was $3.5 million.

Ross says “…it is unfair and punishes those Americans who work hard over  their lives.”

The federal estate tax may affect farm families and small business owners and a growing number of people feel like United States Representative Mike Ross that it is just plain unfair to be taxed twice.

Read the entire brief article Ross Wants To Bury ‘Death Tax’ For Good by clicking here

The federal estate tax may be in place for 2011 and 2012 but after that it is up to us to decide its future both the costs and benefits of having the tax or eliminating it.

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Has Marcellus shale changed the issues faced by your family?

Do you want or need better sources of neutral information on the
issues you now face?

Families with mountain property, vacation homes, and hunting camps
located in regions rich in marcellus shale gas deposits are now faced
many difficult decisions ranging from:

* How will the drilling and fracking effect use of the land?

* Restoration of the family land and related water issues

* How to own the land and pass on the land or gas revenues, and
many related issues

* The use of trusts and other tools to minimize expenses and
taxes

Penn State has been developing information resources for
Pennsylvania residents, government, and the gas industry.

For more information on Marcellus shale resource through Penn
State, click here.

The actual Penn State Site and Source for Marcellus shale information.

For information about free well water testing click here.

For More Estate Planning Options Related to Marcellus Shale,
call 610-933-8069 and mention Marcellus Shale offer code 2011
for a free estate planning consultation with one of  our estate
planning or business section lawyers.

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Many spouses express fear and grave concerns that they would not
know what to do if a spouse or loved one dies.  They are terrified
when you don’t have a will, trust, or estate plan and a list of
people and instructions to guide them.

And, if you are the primary bread winner and/or have responsibility
for handling finances or investments, then this fear and concern can
be even more profound.

And you, like many clients are justifiably so busy with work, paying
tuition, mortgages, and in some cases the demands of running a
business, professional practice, or corporation that you just can’t
find the time to get to a will, trust, or estate planning.

But, deep down you know that getting this done is a reasonable
request by a spouse.

And, you certainly want to protect yourself, and your minor or adult children.
If you have just been waiting for a way to make this happen that is easy,
methodical and turn key then your wait is over. And the price is a fixed
fee.

David M. Frees III on Wills, Trusts, Estates and Estate Tax

Find our more about our risk free, simple, easy, and refreshingly effective
estate planning by clicking one or more of our programs:

Enhanced Estate Planning (TM) (for basic family needs) which
also can include our Elder Law Solutions for those facing nursing
home care.

Business Class Estate Planning(TM) (for those with businesses,
professionalpractices or more complex planning needs), and

Our premier First Class Estate Planning (TM) (for families
planning to pass on substantial wealth, complicated business or
real estate interest or for those with major philanthropic goals).

You can also schedule a risk free appointment for any one of these programs
or to find out which is right for you.

Simply call 610-933-8069 or contact David Frees at dfrees@utbf.com
and ask for your free materials and a no risk appointment with David Frees or
Douglas Kaune and mention the New Year’s Resolution Offer.

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Are you are a business owner or professional, a real estate investor or
entrepreneur who has been putting off your estate planning because
it’s too time consuming, costly, or complicated?

Have you been promising a spouse, children or other loved ones that
you’re going to “get around to” this but just never do?

Has it been more than five years since your last business and estate
planning?

Do you believe that the changes to the federal estate tax law will now
automatically protect your family and spouse?

If you answered yes to any one of these questions, then you’re probably
ready to hear about moving up from coach to a Business or First Class
Estate Plan(TM).

To us, that is planning that respects that you’re a busy person with many
people relying on you.  That you demand a high ROI from whatever you
are spending time doing,and that you need services that are efficient, with
limited or no risk and that will work to carry out your goals with a high
level of accuracy and at a reasonable price.

Well, you just don’t get that with a coach class ticket or a simple will.

My partner Douglas Kaune and I have developed a plan to help busy
business people just like you. To find out what we can do for you, and
to upgrade your estate planning from “coach” to our Business Class Estate
Plan or our First Class Business Plans(TM) call 610-933-8069.

Mention: Business Class Estate Planning to claim your no cost
and no risk consultation and flat fee pricing.

If you’d like to read a bit more about our
estate planning programs, click here

David Frees is a Pennsylvania lawyer with offices in Malvern,
West Chester and Phoenixvillle Pennsylvania.  His practice is
limited to trusts, estates, wills and probate and related matters
such as elder law and asset protection for your heirs.

He is a Super Lawyer and has been recipient of Main Line Today
Magazine’s Top Lawyer honor for multiple years.  He is the
developer of Business Class Estate Planning and First Class
Estate Planning (TM) which are both designed for families and
individuals who expect high return on their investment of time
and money and who want to pass on family wealth and
values.

He can be reached at dfrees@utbf.com or by calling 610-933-8069.

Mention Business Class or First Class Estate Planning for your no
obligation and no cost consultation.

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Think Your Estate Is Now Protected From Federal Estate Tax?
According To The Tax Lawyers Studying The New Law -
Think Again

The Heckerling Institute is one of the premier estate planning programs
and “think tanks”dedicated to effective estate planning.  The lawyers
appearing  at the institute and those in attendance focus on planning
to minimize federal estate taxes and on issues of how to protect assets
and estates of all sizes for the benefit of your heirs.

After the first day of this five day intensive, David Frees’ review was
that all speakers and presenters agreed, that this year, with changes to
the federal estate tax laws being both radical and profound, the Institute
is more important than ever.

And, added Frees, “There are many many opportunities for estate tax
planning, gifting, and other planning techniques but some may be here
for a limited time only AND, many surviving spouses must now
file returns who never had to before.” Under the new law, if a
surviving spouse fails to file a 706 (estate tax return) he or she will not
inherit the deceased spouse’s remaining exemption and this can mean
much higher taxes for many families.

With several of the changes in the new law, there are unprecedented
opportunities to make gifts, to pass on wealth, to protect assets, and to
carry out your estate planning goals.  However,  according to most of
the high level estate planning lawyers in attendance, there is a mis-
perception among many people that real planning is now automatic.
and that planning, wills, trusts and good powers of attorney are no
longer needed.

However, many of the provisions of the new law may be a use it or
lose it proposition since they expire in 2 years and many people mis-
understand the “portability provisions”of the new law.

According to David Frees “Many people think that they can rely on
“inheriting” their spouse’s exemption to shelter even more assets for
their heirs. But, trusts and flexible disclaimer plans remain vitally
important to avoid taxation, lose of family wealth to nursing homes,
protection from divorce, and to making sure that taxes are minimized
and estates are protected from state inheritance taxes and even federal
estate taxes.”

Stay tuned for more specific tools and ideas for estate planning such as
new uses for the QPRT (Qualified Personal Residence Trust) and other
ways to protect assets for the next generation while protecting yourself
and a surviving spouse.

David Frees is Chairman of the Unruh, Turner, Burke and Frees -
Trusts, Estates, and Wealth Preservation Section.

He can be reached at 610-933-8069. or at dfrees@utbf.com

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